recorder (Family of end-blown fipple flutes)

Family of end-blown Woodwind flutes, these are flutes with a whistle mouthpiece aka fipple. Specifically, recorders have a thumb-hole and seven finger-holes, it is the most common flute in western classical tradition.

The Family consists of a wide assortment of sizes, the most common being soprano, alt, tenor and bass;

* garklein recorder
* sopranino recorder
* soprano recorder (descant)
* alto recorder (treble)
* tenor recorder
* bass recorder
* great bass recorder (c-bass)
* contrabass recorder
* subcontrabass recorder

Not to be confused with the transverse (side-blown) Western concert flute.
From about 1673 to about 1695 the names flute and recorder overlapped, but from 1673 to the late 1720s the word flute always meant this end-blown instrument. In the 1720s the transverse flute however became so popular that the convention from Europe of distinguishing the instruments was copied into English, thus the end-blown now became known as common flute, English flute and similar, while the transverse became known as the German flute or just flute. despite this, even until 1765 some writers meant the end blown variant when writing "flute".