| 1952 | Трио ля минор | П. Чайковский; Э. Гилельс, Л. Коган, М. Ростропович | | 2 |
| 1957 | Симфония-Концерт для виолончели с оркестром, соч. 125 | С. Прокофьев; Мстислав Ростропович, Симфонический оркестр Ленинградской гос. филармонии, К. И. Зандерлинг | | 2 |
| 1958 | Cello Concerto | Dvořák; Rostropovich, Royal Philharmonic Orchestra, Sir Adrian Boult | | 1 |
| 1959 | Cello Concerto no. 1 / Symphony no. 1 | Shostakovich; Mstislav Rostropovich, The Philadelphia Orchestra, Eugene Ormandy | | 1 |
| 1961 | Cellokonzert A-Moll / Rokoko-Variationen | Robert Schumann / Peter Tschaikowsky; Mstislav Rostropovich, Leningrader Philharmonie, Gennadi Rozhdestvensky | | 2 |
| 1962 | Songs and Dances of Death | Mussorgsky, Tchaikovsky, Prokofiev; Vishnevskaya, Rostropovich | | 1 |
| 1969 | Dvořák: Cellokonzert / Tschaikowsky: Rokoko‐Variationen | Dvořák, Tschaikowsky; Berliner Philharmoniker, Mstislav Rostropovich, Herbert von Karajan | 5 | 3 |
| 1970 | Double Concerto in A minor, Op. 102 | Brahms; Oistrakh, Rostropovich, The Cleveland Orchestra, Szell | | 2 |
| 1970 | Eugène Onéguine | P. I. Tchaïkovsky; Galina Vichnievskaïa, Vladimir Atlantov, Youri Mazourok, Solistes, Chœurs et Orchestre, Mstislav Rostropovitch | | 1 |
| 1974 | Cellokonzert / Rokoko Variationen | Schumann, Tchaikowsky; Rostropowitsch, Rozhdestvensky, Leningrad Philharmonic | | 2 |
| 1974 | Schéhérazade | Rimsky-Korssakoff; Orchestre de Paris, Rostropowitsch | | 2 |
| 1975 | Richard Strauss: Cello Sonata / Beethoven: Cello Variations on “Ein Mädchen oder Weibchen” and “See, the Conquering Hero Comes” | Richard Strauss, Beethoven; Mstislav Rostropovich, Vasso Devetzi | | 2 |
| 1979 | Ballett‐Suiten: Dornröschen / Schwanensee / Nußknacker | Tschaicowsky; Berliner Philharmoniker, Mstislav Rostropovich | 5 | 5 |
| 1982 | Bernstein conducts Bernstein: Divertimento / Halil / On the Town / Three Meditations From "Mass" | Leonard Bernstein; Israel Philharmonic Orchestra, Jean‐Pierre Rampal, Mstislav Rostropovich | | 1 |
| 1983 | The Cello Sonatas | Johannes Brahms; Mstislav Rostropovich, Rudolf Serkin | | 2 |
| 1983 | Romeo and Juliet Suites 1 & 2 | Prokofiev; National Symphony Orchestra, Mstislav Rostropovich | | 1 |
| 1983 | "London" Trios, nos. 1-4 / Divertissement, op. 100, nos. 2 & 6 | Haydn; Jean-Pierre Rampal, Isaac Stern, Mstislav Rostropovich | | 1 |
| 1983 | Symphony no. 5 | Dmitri Shostakovich; National Symphony Orchestra, Mstislav Rostropovic | | 3 |
| 1983 | Timbres, espace, mouvement / Métaboles | Henri Dutilleux; Orchestre national de France, Mstislav Rostropovitch | | 1 |
| 1984 | Symphonie concertante pour violoncelle et orchestre | Serge Prokofiev; Mstislav Rostropovitch, Orchestre Symphonique de Leningrad, Kurt Sanderling | | 1 |
| 1986 | Yolanta | Tchaïkovsky; Galina Vichnievskaïa, Nicolaï Gedda, Walton Groenroos, Dimiter Petkov, Groupe Vocal de France, Orchestre de Paris, Mstislav Rostropovitch | | 1 |
| 1987 | Concerto no. 2 pour violoncelle / Paráfrasis | Cristóbal Halffter; Mstislav Rostropovitch, Orchestre national de France, Cristóbal Halffter | | 2 |
| 1987 | Cello Concertos | Dutilleux, Lutosławski; Mstislav Rostropovich, Orchestre de Paris, Serge Baudo, Witold Lutosławski | | 3 |
| 1987 | Don Quixote | Richard Strauss; Mstislav Rostropovich, Ulrich Koch, Berliner Philharmoniker, Herbert von Karajan | | 1 |
| 1987 | Dvorak: Concerto pour violoncelle / Tchaikovski: Variations Rococo | Dvorak, Tchaikovsky; Mstislav Rostropovitch, Seiji Ozawa, Boston Symphony Orchestra | | 2 |
| 1987 | Schubert: Arpeggione Sonata / Schumann: Fünf Stücke im Volkston / Debussy: Cello Sonata | Schubert, Schumann, Debussy; Rostropovich, Britten | | 2 |
| 1987 | Symphonies No. 7, Op. 131 / No. 4, Op. 47 | Serge Prokofiev; Mstislav Rostropovich; Orchestre national de France | 5 | 1 |
| 1987 | Triplo Concerto per violino, violoncello, pianoforte e orchestra in Do maggiore Op. 56 / Sonata per pianoforte No. 17 in Re minore Op. 31 No. 2 "La tempesta" | Beethoven; Oistrakh, Rostropovich, Richter, Berliner Philharmoniker, Herbert von Karajan | | 2 |
| 1987 | The Flute Quartets | Mozart; Rampal, Stern, Accardo, Rostropovich | | 2 |
| 1988 | Guerre et Paix | Prokofiev; Chœur de Radio France, Orchestre National de France, Mstislav Rostropovitch | 5 | 4 |
| 1988 | Prokofiev: Symphonie concertante / Shostakovich: Concerto pour violincelle No. 1 | Prokofiev, Shostakovich; London Symphony Orchestra, Seiji Ozawa, Mstislav Rostropovich | | 2 |
| 1988 | Symphonies no. 6 & no. 1 | Prokofiev; Orchestre national de France, Mstislav Rostropovich | | 1 |
| 1989 | Cello Symphony / Sinfonia da Requiem | Benjamin Britten; Мстислав Ростропович, Benjamin Britten | | 1 |
| 1989 | Streichquintett (String Quintet) | Franz Schubert; Melos Quartett, Mstislav Rostropovich | | 3 |
| 1989 | Cello Concertos | Vivaldi, Tartini, Boccherini; Mstislav Rostropovich, Collegium Musicum Zürich, Paul Sacher | | 3 |
| 1989 | Chopin: Cello Sonata, op. 65 / Polonaise, op. 3 / Schumann: Adagio & Allegro, op. 70 | Frédéric Chopin, Robert Schumann; Mstislav Rostropovich, Martha Argerich | | 1 |
| 1989 | Die Streichtrios | Ludwig van Beethoven; Anne‐Sophie Mutter, Bruno Giuranna, Мстислав Ростропович | 5 | 4 |
| 1989 | Symphonie N° 13 "Babi Yar" | Chostakovitch; Ghiuselev, Men of the Choral Arts Society of Washington, National Symphony Orchestra, Mstislav Rostropovitch | | 1 |
| 1989 | Violin Concertos | Prokofiev, Glazunov, Shchedrin; Anne‐Sophie Mutter, Mstislav Rostropovich, National Symphony Orchestra | 3 | 4 |
| 1990 | Lady Macbeth of Mtsensk | Shostakovich; Mstislav Rostropovich, Ambrosian Opera Chorus, London Philharmonic Orchestra, Galina Vishnevskaya, Nicolai Gedda, Dimiter Petkov | | 1 |
| 1990 | Learner's Manual | Dmitri Shostakovich; Mstislav Rostropovich | | 1 |
| 1990 | Mozart / Telemann / J.C. Bach / Reicha | Mozart, Telemann, J.C. Bach, Reicha; Jean‐Pierre Rampal, Isaac Stern, Mstislav Rostopovich | | 1 |
| 1990 | Piano Concertos 1 & 3 | Tchaikovsky; Vladimir Feltsman, National Symphony Orchestra, Mstislav Rostropovich | | 1 |
| 1990 | Symphonie Nº 7 “Leningrad” | Chostakovitch; National Symphony Orchestra, Mstislav Rostropovitch | 4 | 2 |
| 1991 | Return to Russia | Mstislav Rostropovich | | 1 |
| 1991 | Ballett-Suiten / Capriccio italien | Peter Tschaikowsky; Mstislav Rostropovich, Berliner Philharmoniker | | 1 |
| 1991 | Cello Concertos nos. 1 & 2 | Haydn; Mstislav Rostropovich, Academy of St. Martin in the Fields, Iona Brown | | 3 |
| 1991 | Cello Concerto No. 2 / Othello / The Noon Witch | Dvořák; Czech Philharmonic Orchestra,Václav Talich, Mstislav Rostropovich | | 1 |
| 1991 | Mystère de l'instant / Métaboles / Timbres, espace, mouvement | Dutilleux; Collegium Musicum, Paul Sacher, Orchestre National de France, Mstislav Rostropovitch | | 1 |
| 1991 | Symphony no. 10 | Shostakovich; London Symphony Orchestra, Mstislav Rostropovich | | 2 |
| 1991 | Symphony No. 15 in A major, op. 141 | Dmitri Shostakovich; London Symphony Orchestra, Mstislav Rostropovich | | 1 |
| 1991 | Symphonie no. 5 / Overture 1812 | Tchaikovsky; National Symphony Orchestra, Mstislav Rostropovitch | | 1 |
| 1991 | Viola Concerto / Trio Sonata | Schnittke; Yuri Bashmet, Moscow Soloists, London Symphony Orchestra, Mstislav Rostropovich | | 1 |
| 1991 | Variations on a Rococo Theme / Souvenir de Florence | Pyotr Tchaikovsky; Borodin String Quartet, Mstislav Rostropovich, Leningrad Philharmonic Symphony Orchestra, Rozhdestvensky | | 1 |
| 1992 | Streichquintett C-Dur | Franz Schubert; Emerson String Quartet, Mstislav Rostropovich | 5 | 4 |
| 1992 | Cello Concerto no. 2 / In memoriam... | Schnittke; London Symphony Orchestra, Ozawa, Rostropovich | | 1 |
| 1992 | Boris Godounov | Moussorgsky; R. Raimondi, National Symphony Orchestra, M. Rostropovitch | | 1 |
| 1992 | Symphony no. 4 | Dmitri Shostakovich; National Symphony Orchestra, Mstislav Rostropovich | 5 | 1 |
| 1992 | Symphony no. 8 | Shostakovich; National Symphony Orchestra, Mstislav Rostropovich | | 1 |
| 1993 | Cello Concertos | C. P. E. Bach, Vivaldi, Tartini; Mstislav Rostropovich, The Saint Paul Chamber Orchestra, Hugh Wolff | | 1 |
| 1993 | Brahms: Double Concerto / Mendelssohn: Violin Concerto | Brahms, Mendelssohn; Concertgebouw Orchestra, Bernard Haitink, Itzhak Perlman, Mstislav Rostropovich | | 1 |
| 1993 | Cello & Organ | Мстислав Ростропович, Herbert Tachezi | | 1 |
| 1993 | Symphony no. 11 | Dmitri Shostakovich; National Symphony Orchestra, Mstislav Rostropovich | | 1 |
| 1994 | Violin Concertos No. 1 | Prokofiev, Shostakovich; London Symphony Orchestra, Mstislav Rostropovich, Maxim Vengerov | | 1 |
| 1994 | Symphonies nos. 2 & 3 | Dmitri Shostakovich; London Symphony Orchestra, Mstislav Rostropovich | | 1 |
| 1994 | Symphonies nos. 1 & 9 | Dmitri Shostakovich; National Symphony Orchestra, Mstislav Rostropovich | | 1 |
| 1995 | Dvorák: Cello Concerto in B Minor, Op. 104 - Tchaikovsky: Variations on a Rococo Theme, Op. 33 | Мстислав Ростропович, Herbert von Karajan & Berliner Philharmoniker | | 1 |
| 1995 | Cello-Suiten | Johann Sebastian Bach; Mstislav Rostropovich | | 6 |
| 1995 | Mstislav Rostropovich in concert | Haydn, Schumann, Tchaikovsky; Mstislav Rostropovich | | 1 |
| 1996 | Cello-Suiten 2, 3 & 6 | J.S. Bach; Mstislav Rostropovich | | 1 |
| 1996 | Shostakovich: Symphony no. 5 / Prokofiev: Romeo & Juliet Suite no. 1 | Shostakovich, Prokofiev; National Symphony Orchestra, Rostropovich | | 1 |
| 1996 | Concerto for Three / String Trio / Minuet / Canon | Schnittke; Gidon Kremer, Yuri Bashmet, Mstislav Rosropovich | | 2 |
| 1996 | Variations on a Rococo Theme / Cello Concerto no. 1 / Élégie / Kol Nidrei | Tchaikovsky, Saint‐Saëns, Fauré, Bruch; Han‐na Chang, London Symphony Orchestra, Mstislav Rostropovich | | 1 |
| 1997 | Cello Concertos | Dvořák, Saint‐Saëns; London Philharmonic Orchestra, Carlo Maria Giulini, Mstislav Rostropovich | | 3 |
| 1997 | Cellist des Jahrhunderts | Mstislav Rostropovich | | 1 |
| 1997 | Catoire: Piano Trio in F minor, op. 14 / Goldenweiser: Piano Trio in E minor, op. 31 | Catoire, Goldenweiser; Mstislav Rostropovich, Goldenweiser, Kogan | | 1 |
| 1997 | Dvorak: Concerto for Cello and Orchestra in B minor / R. Strauss: Don Quixote - Fantastic Variations for Cello, Viola and Orchestra | Dvorak, R. Strauss; Mstislav Rostropovich, Grand Symphony Orchestra of State Radio and Television, Boris Khaikin, Moscow State Philharmonic, Kyrill Kondrashin | | 1 |
| 1997 | Elgar: Concerto for Cello and Orchestra in E minor, op. 85 / Britten: Symphony for Cello and Orchestra, op. 68 | Elgar, Britten; Mstislav Rostopovich, Moscow Philharmonic Orchestra, Natan Rakhlin, Benjamin Britten | | 1 |
| 1997 | Violin Concertos no. 2 | Prokofiev, Shostakovich; Vengerov, London Symphony Orchestra, Rostropovich | | 1 |
| 1998 | Cello Concerto no. 1 in E flat, op. 107 / Cello Concerto no. 2 in G, op. 126 / Satires (Pictures of the Past), op. 109 | Shostakovich; Mstislav Rostropovich | | 2 |
| 1998 | Rostropovich Plays Prokofiev | Prokofiev: Rostropovich | | 1 |
| 1998 | Shostakovich Plays Shostakovich | Shostakovich; Shostakovich, Mstislav Rostropovich, Beethoven String Quartet | | 1 |
| 1998 | Trio Élégiaque No. 2 | Rachmaninov; Pavel Serebrekov, Mikhail Vajman, Mstislav Rostropovich | | 1 |
| 1999 | Serenade for Strings / Nocturne / Suite "Mozartiana" / Legend "Christ in His Garden" | Tchaikovsky; Mstislav Rostropovich, Peter Pears, English Chamber Orchestra, Benjamin Britten | | 1 |
| 1999 | Shostakovich: Cello Concerto no. 1 / Trio no. 2 / Haydn: Piano Trio no. 16 | Shostakovich, Haydn; Rostropovich | | 1 |
| 2000 | Karajan conducts Tchaikovsky | Tchaikovsky; Berliner Philharmoniker, Christian Ferras, Sviatoslav Richter, Mstislav Rostropovich, Herbert von Karajan | | 1 |
| 2000 | La Mer / L’Après-midi d’un faune / Syrinx | Claude Debussy; Karajan, Michelangeli, Britten, Abbado, Rostropovich | | 1 |
| 2000 | Magnum Ignotum | Giya Kancheli; Mstislav Rostropovich | | 1 |
| 2000 | The Sonatas for Piano and Cello | Beethoven; Mstislav Rostropovich, Sviatoslav Richter | | 2 |
| 2000 | Brahms: Double Concerto / Mendelssohn: Violin Concerto / Bach: Violin Concerto in E | Brahms, Mendelssohn, Bach; London Symphony Orchestra, Sir Colin Davis, English Chamber Orchestra, George Malcolm, Yehudi Menuhin, Msitislav Rostropovich | | 1 |
| 2001 | The British Music Collection: Benjamin Britten: The Rarities | Benjamin Britten; Norma Procter, Peter Pears, Dietrich Fischer‐Dieskau, Owen Brannigan, Mtislav Rostropovich, András Schiff, Jennifer Vyvyan, Helen Watts, Osian Ellis, Galina Vishnevskaya, Heinz Holliger, Benjamin Britten, George Malcolm, London Symphony Orchestra & Chorus | | 2 |
| 2001 | The Canticle of the Sun / Music for Flute, Strings and Percussion | Sofia Gubaidulina; Emmanuel Pahud, Mstislav Rostropovich | | 1 |
| 2002 | Pique Dame | Tchaikovsky; Orchestre national de France, Mstislav Rostropovich | | 1 |
| 2002 | Cello Concertos Nos. 1, 2 / Satires (Pictures Of The Past), Op.109 | Shostakovich; Mstislav Rostropovich, Академический симфонический оркестр Московской филармонии, Давид Фёдорович Ойстрах, Галина Павловна Вишневская | | 1 |
| 2003 | Britten: Violin Concerto / Walton: Viola Concerto | Benjamin Britten, Sir William Walton; London Symphony Orchestra, Mstislav Rostropovich, Maxim Vengerov | | 2 |
| 2003 | Prokofiev 3 / Rachmaninov 3 | Rachmaninov, Prokofiev; Mstislav Rostropovich, Russian National Orchestra, Mikhail Pletnev | | 2 |
| 2003 | Symphonies Nos. 3 & 4 | Serge Prokofiev; Mstislav Rostropovich; Orchestre national de France | 5 | 1 |
| 2004 | Britten: Cello Symphony / Cello Suite no. 2 / Shostakovich: Cello Concerto no. 1 | Britten; Mstislav Rostropovich, Moscow Philharmonic Orchestra, Gennadi Rozhdestvensky | | 1 |
| 2004 | The Late String Quartets / String Quintet | Franz Schubert; Emerson String Quartet, Rostropovich | | 1 |
| 2005 | Amicta Sole | Alexander Knaifel; Mstislav Rostropovich, Tatiana Melentieva, Boy Choir, Glinka Choral College, State Hermitage Orchestra, Arkady Shteinlukht | | 1 |
